Data Size Converter

Convert between bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB, and PB

Calculation Mode

Choose between binary (1024-based) or decimal (1000-based) calculations

Data Units

Bits

bits

Bytes

B

Kilobytes

KB

Megabytes

MB

Gigabytes

GB

Terabytes

TB

Petabytes

PB

Download Time Estimator

Estimated time to download 0 B at various speeds:

Common File Size Examples

Text character 1 B
Small text file 5 KB
Word document 50 KB
PDF document 500 KB
High-res photo 5 MB
MP3 song (3 min) 4 MB
HD movie (2 hr) 4 GB
4K movie (2 hr) 20 GB
Video game 50 GB
Operating system 10 GB

Help

How to Use

Select your preferred calculation mode (Binary or Decimal), then enter a value in any unit field. All other units will automatically update with the converted values.

Binary vs Decimal

Binary (1024-based): Uses powers of 2. 1 KiB = 1,024 bytes. Used by operating systems and technically more accurate for computer memory.

Decimal (1000-based): Uses powers of 10. 1 KB = 1,000 bytes. Used by storage manufacturers and easier for marketing.

The Confusion: A "1 TB" hard drive contains 1,000,000,000,000 bytes (decimal), but your OS will show it as ~931 GiB (binary).

IEC Standard Names

To reduce confusion, the IEC introduced specific names for binary units:

  • KiB (kibibyte) = 1,024 bytes
  • MiB (mebibyte) = 1,024 KiB
  • GiB (gibibyte) = 1,024 MiB
  • TiB (tebibyte) = 1,024 GiB
  • PiB (pebibyte) = 1,024 TiB
Bits vs Bytes

1 Byte = 8 bits

Internet speeds are typically measured in bits per second (bps, Kbps, Mbps), while file sizes are measured in bytes (B, KB, MB, GB).

To convert: 100 Mbps = 12.5 MBps (megabytes per second)

Download Time Estimates

The download time calculator shows theoretical times based on connection speed. Actual download times may vary due to:

  • Network congestion
  • Server limitations
  • Protocol overhead (TCP/IP headers, etc.)
  • Distance from server
  • Other devices on your network
Common Conversions

Binary:

  • 1 KiB = 1,024 B
  • 1 MiB = 1,048,576 B
  • 1 GiB = 1,073,741,824 B

Decimal:

  • 1 KB = 1,000 B
  • 1 MB = 1,000,000 B
  • 1 GB = 1,000,000,000 B